Investigating the Relationship between the Lack of Verification Processes in Tax Declarations with Different Types of Industries (Case Study: LTU)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Kharazmi University, Department of Management, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, Shahed University, Department of, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of public management, Department of Public Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

4 Ph.D in Economics, Department of Economics, Urmia University & Master Auditor, Iranian National Tax Administration Organization (LTU), Tehran, Iran.

5 M.A. in Management and Master Auditor, Iranian National Tax Administration Organization (LTU), Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Abstract
The stage of obtaining declarations from taxpayers is common in all modern tax systems of the world and is considered one of the most important and main stages in the tax collection section. At this stage, the major part of the tax comes under the scope of collection, and for this reason, planning and social welfare and reducing the cost of tax collection will also be the consequences of such a system. Naturally, such a system cannot be achieved unless the tax system is equipped to a level in terms of information aristocracy that will accurately track all financial transactions. A powerful tax system should have the ability to complete the real tax declaration of the taxpayer in a systematic way and without the slightest deviation with the taxpayer's financial circulation, submit the tax declaration to the taxpayers on time and submit the tax in full at the declaration stage. This subject will provide the means to achieve tax justice. One of the most important problems in the tax affairs organization is related to the design of the declaration in such a way that it fully implements the verification process. The purpose of this research is to identify the relationship between the lacks of verification processes in the tax declaration with different types of industries in the LTU taxpayers. This research, which is of analytical-causal type, is based on the analysis of panel data and has been considered by selecting 3625 companies in a 5-year time and analysis of the results, from SPSS23 and Eviews9 software were used. The results showed that among the investigated variables related to 13 different types of industries, the variables of wholesale, financial, estate and health industries are significant and this significance is only for the variable of the financial industry directly and inversely for other industries.

Keywords


References:
Alm, J. & McKee, M. (2004). “Tax Compliance as a Coordination Game”. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 54, 297-312.
Argilés-Bosch, Josep M. & Somoza, Antonio & Ravenda, Diego & García-Blandón, Josep, 2020. “An empirical examination of the influence of e-commerce on tax avoidance in Europe”. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, 41(C), 100339.
Asiri, M.; Al-Hadi, A.; Taylor, G. & Duong, L. (2020). “Is Corporate Tax Avoidance Associated with Investment Efficiency?” The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 52 (C), No. 101143.
Banimahd, B., Arabi, M., & Hasanpour, Sh. (2016). Experimental researches and methodology in accounting. Tehran: Termeh Publications. [In Persian].
Barati, A. & Namamian, F. (2015). “The Investigation of Factors Affecting Adoption of Electronic Tax Returns Case Study of Kermanshah Province Tax Affairs General Directorate’s Taxpayers”. Journal of Tax Research, 23 (25), 91-122. [In Persian]
Becker, G. (1968). “Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach”. The Journal of Political Economy, 76, 169–217.
Delgadoa, J, F.; Fernandez-Rodriguez, E. & Martinez-Arias, A. (2019). “Corporation Effective Tax Rates and Company Size: Evidence from Germany”. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 31 (1), 2081-2099.
Ebrahimi Sarveolia, M. H.; Hasas Yeganeh, Y.; Rajaei Bagh Siaei, M. & Alasvand, F. (2019). “Regional Role of Tax Return Transcript Establishment in Intention-to-pay Taxes: (Study Case: Taxpayers of Iranian National Tax Admission Organization-Tehran)”. Journal of Investment Knowledge, 8 (29), 207-224. [In Persian].
Freedman, J. (2004). “Defining Taxpayer Responsibility: In Support of a General Anti-Avoidance Principle”. British Tax Review, 332–357.
Greene, W. (2003). Econometrics Analysis. Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall, 664-680.
Gujarati, D. (2004). BasicEconometrics. Fourth Edition, the McGraw-Hill, 580-616.
Kerr, J. N. (2018). “Transparency, Information Shocks, and Tax Avoidance”. Contemporary Accounting Research, 36 (2), 1146-1183.
Khalilzaedh Silabi, Z.; Salimian, S.; Shahriyari, I.; Pishani Yazdi, H. & Salimian, S. (2022). “Economic Analysis of Tax Installment Forgiveness using Game Theory Approach: The Case of Iran”. Journal of Sustainable Business, Economics and Finance, 1(3), 1-15.
Kumacheva, S. Sh. (2010). “A Game Theoretical Model of Interaction between Taxpayers and the Tax Authority”. Contributions to Game Theory and Management, 3, 257–266.
Overesch, M. & Wolff, H. (2021). Financial Transparency to the Rescue: Effects of Public Country-by-Country Reporting in the European Union Banking Sector on Tax Avoidance. Contemporary Accounting Research, 38(3).
Pourheidari, O.; Sarvestani, A. (2012). “Investigating the Effect of Firm Characteristics, Industry Type and Institutional Ownership on the Difference between Declared and Definite Tax of Firms Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange”. Journal of Tax Research, 20 (14), 61-78. [In Persian].
Pourzamani, Z. & Shamsi Jamkhaneh, A. (2009). “Factors Involved in the Difference between Taxable Income Declared by Business Corporations and Taxable Income Assessed by Tax Authorities: Case of West Tehran Tax Affairs Head Office”. Journal of Tax Research, 17 (5), 9-26. [In Persian].
Rahmani, A.; Mollanazari, M. & Arbabibahar, Z. (2015). “The Relationship between Book-Tax Differences and Tax Avoidance”. Journal of Tax Research, 23 (25), 71-89. [In Persian].
Rashidi, M., & Mohammadirad, M. (2020). “Investigating Tax Avoidance Incentives in Corporations with Governmental Ownership based on CEO Tenure”. Journal of Tax Research,
28 (45), 37-58. [In Persian].
Salimian, S.; Movahedi Beknazar, M. & Salimian, S. (2023). “Modeling Tax Declaration Behavior and Quality of Tax Processing (Game Theory Approach)”. Journal of Tax Reform, 9 (1), 64-75.
Scott, D.; Hanlon, M. & Maydew, E. (2010). “The Effects of Executives on Corporate Tax Avoidance”. The Accounting Review, 85 (4), 1163.
Shahriyari, I.; Salimian, S.; Heydari Sedeh, A M.; Pourmahmud, H. & Khojaste Chirani, S. (2022). “Investigating the Mutual Relationship between Happiness and Productivity using Logit and Probit Regression (Case Study: LTU)”. Quarterly Journal of Economic Research and Policies, 30 (102), 255-286. [In Persian].
Souri, (2015). Econometrics with the Application of Eviews. 3rd Edition, Tehran: Farhangshenasi Pub. [In Persian].
Wenzel, M. (2002). “The Impact of Outcome Orientation and Justice Concerns on Tax Compliance”. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87 (4), 629-645.
Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. The MIT Press.